SEOUL, South Korea (AP) — North Korea
successfully fired a long-range rocket on Wednesday, defying
international warnings
as the regime of Kim Jong Un took a giant step forward in its
quest to develop the technology to deliver a nuclear warhead.
The United States, South Korea and Japan
quickly condemned the morning launch, which came as something of a
surprise after
Pyongyang had indicated technical problems might delay it. That it
succeeded after several failed attempts was an even greater
surprise.
The regime's stated purpose for firing its long-range Unha-3 rocket was to put a peaceful satellite into orbit, but the United
Nations, as well as the U.S. and its allies see it as cover for a test of technology for missiles.
About two hours after the launch, North
Korea's state media proclaimed it a success, prompting customers in the
coffee shop
at Pyongyang's Koryo Hotel to break into applause during a special
television broadcast. The North American Aerospace Defense
Command, or NORAD, later confirmed that North Korea did appear to
have put an object into space.
Wednesday's launch is likely to bring fresh sanctions on the North, and the White House called it a "highly provocative act
that threatens regional security."
NORAD said the rocket traveled south with the first stage falling into the Yellow Sea and a second stage falling into the
Philippine Sea hundreds of kilometers (miles) farther south. "Initial indications are that the missile deployed an object
that appeared to achieve orbit," NORAD said in a statement.
Japan protested the launch and said one part
of the rocket landed west of the Korean Peninsula, and the Philippines
said another
part landed 300 kilometers (186 miles) east of its shores. South
Korean President Lee Myung-bak held an emergency national
security council meeting Wednesday, and South Korean Foreign
Minister Kim Sung-hwan warned that North Korea will face grave
consequences.
Japan's Foreign Ministry said Tokyo
immediately requested consultations on the launch within the U.N.
Security Council. The
council will hold closed-door consultations on the launch
Wednesday at the request of one council member and two other countries,
according to the U.N. Mission for Morocco, which holds the
rotating council presidency.
A similar North Korean launch in April broke apart shortly after liftoff.
"Clearly this is much more successful than their last attempt," said Jonathan McDowell of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for
Astrophysics. "It's at least as good as they've ever done. They've proved the basic design of it."
He said success would be defined as "something that completes at least one orbit of the Earth."
Rocket tests are seen as crucial to
advancing North Korea's nuclear weapons ambitions. North Korea is
thought to have only
a handful of rudimentary nuclear bombs. But Pyongyang is not yet
believed capable of building warheads small enough to mount
on a missile that could threaten the United States.
North Korea has spent decades trying to perfect a multistage, long-range rocket. Experts say that ballistic missiles and rockets
in satellite launches share similar bodies, engines and other technology. This is the fifth attempt at a long-range launch
since 1998, when Pyongyang sent a rocket hurtling over Japan. Previous launches of three-stage rockets weren't considered
successful.
North Korea under new leader Kim has pledged to bolster its nuclear arsenal unless Washington scraps what Pyongyang calls
a hostile policy.
Kim took power after his father Kim Jong Il
died on Dec. 17 last year, and the launch is seen by some as an attempt
to commemorate
that. It also comes less than a week before presidential elections
in South Korea and about a month before President Barack
Obama is inaugurated for his second term.
The launches Wednesday and in April came from a site on the west coast, in the village of Tongchang-ri, about 56 kilometers
(35 miles) from the Chinese border city of Dandong, across the Yalu River from North Korea. The site is 70 kilometers (45
miles) from the North's main Yongbyon nuclear complex, and is said to have better roads and facilities than previous sites
and to allow a southerly flight path meant to keep the rocket from flying over other countries.
Tensions are high between the rival Koreas. The Korean Peninsula remains technically at war, as the 1950-53 conflict ended
in a truce, and Washington stations nearly 30,000 troops in South Korea as a buttress against any North Korean aggression.
Tens of thousands more are in nearby Japan.
This year is the centennial of the birth of national founder Kim Il Sung, the grandfather of Kim Jong Un. According to North
Korean propaganda, 2012 is meant to put the North on a path toward a "strong, prosperous and great nation."
The launch also follows South Korea's recent cancellation, because of technical problems, of an attempt to launch its first
satellite from its own territory. Two previous attempts in 2009 and 2010 failed.
The U.N. Security Council has imposed two rounds of sanctions on North Korea following its nuclear tests, and a 2009 resolution
orders the North not to conduct any launch using ballistic missile technology.
The council condemned the failed North
Korean launch in April and ordered seizure of assets of three North
Korean state companies
linked to financing, exporting and procuring weapons and missile
technology.
Under Security Council resolutions, nations are also barred from buying or selling weapons with North Korea, a key source
of revenue for its authoritarian government.
North Korea has capable short- and
medium-range missiles, but long-range launches in 1998, 2006, 2009 and
in April of this
year ended in failure. North Korea is believed to have enough
weaponized plutonium for at least half a dozen bombs, according
to U.S. experts. In 2010 it revealed a uranium enrichment program
that could provide a second source of material for nuclear
weapons.
Six-nation negotiations on dismantling North Korea's nuclear program in exchange for aid fell apart in early 2009.
A February deal for the United States to provide 240,000 metric tons of food aid in exchange for a freeze in nuclear and missile
activities collapsed after the North's April launch.